Cell structure

   

There are lots of different parts in a cell. The cell is surrounded by a duel layer called the plasma membrane or phospholipid bilayer. Inside the cell there is a nucleus, its job is to store genetic information like chromosomes and it also controls the cell activity through protein synthesis. The nucleus is like a brain. Inside the nucleus there is the nucleolus which is the dark centre of the nucleus made up of RNA. Its rRNA's make ribosomes and send them out through the nuclear envelope. Ribosomes are where protein are made and they also make sure the amino acids are in the correct order. The role of the nuclear envelope is to let RNA and protein in and out of the nucleus through its pores. The last thing in the nucleus is the nucleoplasm. This is pretty much the same as cytoplasm but inside the nucleus, it is a jelly like substances that supports and suspends the contents of the nucleus. Next thing in a cell is the mitochondria. It acts like the furnace of the cell, converts the chemical energy in food to ATP, cellular respiration. Next is the endoplasmic reticulum, which is the rough ER and the smooth ER. The rough ER transports proteins and sometimes modifies them, it packages the protein up in a vesicles and sends it to the Golgi body.  The smooth ER transports hormones and fats and makes lipids and steroids, it detoxifies harmful material or waste products. The Golgi  body receives, modifies and temporarily stores the proteins and fats from the smooth and rough ER. It also makes lysosomes. Lysosomes are sometimes known as "suicide sacs", they attach to food vacuoles and digest their contents. They can also destroy old or malfunctioning cell parts. Vesicles and vacuoles are storage sacs of the cell membrane it transports substances around the cell that needs to be separate form the cytoplasm. They cans stir food, water and/or waste. The difference between a vacuole and a vesicles is that a vacuole is just bigger. The thing that makes the cell have its shape is the cytoskeleton. It acts as a frame work. Microfilaments are long and externally thin protein fibres that occur in bundles made up of two proteins called Actin and Myosin. The microfilaments help organelles move around the cytoplasm. The other structure you might confuse this with is the microtubules. They are pretty much the same thing but bigger and cylinder shaped made up of coiled protein called tubulin. Microtubules are used to make cilia, flagella and centrioles. Cilia are tiny little hairs and are used to produce locomotion. Flagella is found in sperm cells. Centrioles attach to and move chromosomes during mitosis. Finally, those are all the organelles of the cell that I know and what they do.

You may ask how does a cell make a protein.. Well your in luck cause I am here to tell you how! First,it all starts of with the nucleus. The nucleus makes ribosomes and sends them out the nuclear pore. Some ribosomes attach to the rough ER and makes the protein, sometimes it modifies the protein then it stores the protein. When the protein is ready it sends it to the Golgi body in a vesicle. In the Golgi body the protein is modified and the enzymes are activated and sends it to the plasma membrane, released via exocytosis. The end. 

This is the plasma membrane model I made.

This is the Golgi body you can tell because if the flattened pancake shapes that are all together and the vesicles (round dots) around it